Detector Raman spectroscopy Superconductivity Ion Dust Simulation Growth FTIR Lait Speciation XANES Proteins Circular dichroism Digestion Spectroscopy Fluorescence Archaeology Biomineralization XAS Iron Alteration XPS Lattice Infrared spectroscopy In situ Cavity Astrochemistry Impedance Injection Undulator Electron Paleontology Plasma Photoionization X-ray Nanocrystal Fossil Radiation Molecular physics Synchrotron radiation Photoemission Self-assembly EXAFS Synchrotron Diffraction Nanoparticles High pressure FEL NMR Extinction Oxidation Magnetism ISM molecules X-ray absorption spectroscopy XMCD Membrane Infrared Free electron laser Software Microscopy Experiment X-ray diffraction TANGO Taphonomy Pressure SAXS Crystallography Photoluminescence Cultural heritage X-ray fluorescence Titan Mechanical properties Imaging MMI ARPES Nanoparticle Storage-ring HgTe Thin films Mass spectrometry Feedback Gold Cobalt Interface Laser X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Controls Nanocrystals Methods DFT Electronic structure Structure Electronic properties Quadrupole Vacuum Photon Graphene Operation Digestion gastrique Emittance